Type 1 diabetes, previously known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of being used for energy. This can lead to serious health complications if not managed properly.

Causes of Type 1 Diabetes

The exact causes of these diabetes are still unknown, but genetics plays a major role. If a sibling or parent has diabetes, their children or siblings have a higher risk of also developing the condition. Researchers believe certain viruses or environmental triggers may activate the immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. However, Type 1 diabetes is rarely passed down directly from a parent and is usually diagnosed during childhood or adolescence.

Common Symptoms

The classic symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes often develop quickly over a matter of weeks. Some warning signs include increased thirst, frequent urination, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and fruity smelling breath. In children, bedwetting when previously dry at night is also a telltale symptom. Untreated hyperglycemia or raised blood sugar levels leads to diabetic ketoacidosis - a dangerous complication where the body produces excess ketones and blood becomes too acidic.

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