The tuberculosis vaccine market is primarily driven by the increasing prevalence of tuberculosis globally. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and spread through the air. The tuberculosis vaccine products are therapeutic drugs used to prevent or treat the bacterial infection. The key tuberculosis vaccines include Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines and new tuberculosis vaccine candidates. The BCG vaccine provides partial protection and effectiveness in preventing meningitis and disseminated tuberculosis in children. However, BCG does not reliably protect against adult pulmonary tuberculosis. The new tuberculosis vaccine candidates aim to overcome the limitations of BCG and provide broader protection against adult pulmonary tuberculosis.

The Global Tuberculosis Vaccine Market is estimated to be valued at US$ 172.42 Bn in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 21% over the forecast period from 2024 to 2030.

Key Takeaways

Key players operating in the Global Tuberculosis Vaccine Market Size are Fujitsu Limited, Mindtree Limited, IBM Corporation, Wipro Limited, Unisys Corporation, CenturyLink Inc., Virtustream Inc. and HCL Technologies Limited. These key players are adopting strategies such as partnerships, collaborations, and new product launches to retain their market positions.
The growing burden of tuberculosis globally is driving the demand for tuberculosis vaccines. According to the WHO, around 10 million people fell ill with tuberculosis in 2021. An estimated 1.5 million people died due to tuberculosis including 213 000 people with HIV.
The major companies are engaging in collaborations with research institutes and focusing on clinical trials to develop effective vaccines to cater to the growing global demands. For instance, GSK and Aeras have collaborated with research institutions from Africa, Asia, and South America for the Phase IIb clinical trial of the candidate tuberculosis vaccine, which evaluates efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety.

Market Drivers

The increasing funding from public and private organizations for vaccine research and development is a key driver for the tuberculosis vaccine market. For instance, organizations such as the NIH, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and European Union are funding research programs and clinical trials for developing new tuberculosis vaccines. According to the WHO, between 2002 and 2022, over US$ 1 billion was invested by various organizations in tuberculosis vaccine development. This substantial funding is accelerating research activities and clinical trials, thereby fuelling market growth.

Impact of geopolitical situation on the Tuberculosis Vaccine Market growth
The current geopolitical landscape is presenting challenges for the growth of the tuberculosis vaccine market. Several nations worldwide are experiencing political instability and conflicts. This discourages international cooperation needed to curb the spread of tuberculosis (TB) across borders. The refugee crisis arising due to conflicts in various parts of the world has led to increased cross-border movement of populations. Screening and vaccination efforts struggle to catch up, allowing the risk of TB transmission to rise.

Economic sanctions between some nations also disrupt supply chains and collaboration on TB R&D projects. It becomes difficult to ensure equitable access to new and existing vaccines across populations when geopolitical tensions are high. To sustain growth, manufacturers will need to devise alternative supply routes and forge new partnerships that overcome such barriers. Global health organizations must work through additional diplomatic channels to facilitate cooperation even in difficult political environments. Public-private models bringing governments, drug developers and funding bodies together may help boost vaccine availability.

Geographical concentration of the Tuberculosis Vaccine Market

In terms of value, the tuberculosis vaccine market is highly concentrated in developing Asian and African countries where the disease burden is highest. India, China, Indonesia, Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, South Africa and Democratic Republic of Congo account for over half of the global TB incidence. These populous nations with large low-income populations driving demand also represent major markets in value terms currently worth billions collectively. Availability of affordable vaccines aligned with country-wide TB control programs is vital to sustain growth across these regions.

Fastest growing region in the Tuberculosis Vaccine Market

Sub-Saharan Africa is poised to witness the fastest market growth over the coming years backed by rising immunization efforts across the region. With over a quarter of the world's new TB cases, sub-Saharan African countries face considerable challenges but also opportunities to expand vaccination programs. Given high disease prevalence compounded by HIV/AIDS risk, strengthening health infrastructure and ensuring stable funding will be critical to fuel consistent demand uptick. The region's market is expected to undergo robust expansion surpassing growth rates of more developed markets and emerge as a dominant force in the global TB vaccine landscape by 2030.

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